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No. 427,104. Patented May 6, 1890.

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Nrrn STATES Artnr rricn.

HENRY B. MORRIS, OF GENEVA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE MORRIS VEAVING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

LO O Nl SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 427,104, dated May 6, 1.890.

Application led June l, 1888. Serial No. 275,764. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, it may concern: hibit the Working parts. Fig. II is aplan with Beit known that I, HENRY B. MORRIS, a citia portion of the pattern-belt 84 removed. Fig. Zen of the United States, formerly residing at III is a plan, partly in section, upon the broken Hornellsville, in the county of Steuben and line D, Fig. I, substantially above the normal 5 State of New York, but now a resident of Gewarp-line. Figs. IV to IX, both inclusive, are 55 neva, in the countyof Ontario and State aforedetail views, some of them on the same scale said, have invented certain new and useful as Fig. I. Figs. IV, VI, and'IX are on a larger Improvements in Looms for Veaving Textile scale. Fig. IV is a side elevation of one of Fabrics, of which the following is a full specithe warp-carriers and its guides; Fig. V, a rear ro fication. elevation of a part of the series of warp-car- 6o My present invention relates chiefly to that riers and guides. Fig. VI represents vertical class of looms for weaving fabrics composed and horizontal longitudinal sections through of bulky or rigid material-such, for'instance, the point of my improved weaving-arm or as split cane, rattan-pith, wooden strips, wire, weft-carrier. Figs.VII and VIII are respectr 5 or like substances-in which each warp-thread ively side and front elevations of the pat- 65 is carried on a separate reel capable of indetern-chain and feeler-rods and mechanism for pendent movement athwart the line of warp operating them. Fig. IX is a side elevation to open a shed, and a weaving-arm, weftof the feed-rolls. guide, or weft-carrier traversed intermittingly The mechanism is shown as mounted in a 2o in alternatelybpposite directions across the suitable main frame O, consisting, essentially, 7o warp-threads in the shed thus opened to lay of longitudinal side pieces and transverse conthe weft therein. necting end pieces.

The objects of my invention are to impart The various working parts of the loom are a wide range of movement to the warp-reels, actuated by a driving-shaft l, j ournaled in 2 5 to enable them at the proper time to clear the this frame and projecting beyond it at each 7 5 intersecting path of the weft-carrier, to deterend to carry the necessary gearing and pulmine which reels shall be actuated to open leysto driveitfrom any suitable prime mover the shed, to properly guide the warp-threads and in turn to drive other parts of the loom. both verticallyT and laterally, so to control the Standards 2 near the rear end of the frame 3o feed that it may automatically be stopped or support transverse bars 3 t on opposite sides 8o startedwhenever-desiredwithout interference of and parallel with the median or normal with the weaving, and, finally, to do all this plane of the warp. A row of guides 5 6 proby simple and effective mechanism, which jects'inwardly from each of these bars, prefends I attain by novel constructions and or erably in the form of straight pins polygonal 35 ganizations of instrumentalities hereinafter in cross-section,arrangedwith the correspond- 85 specifically designated. -ing pins in the same line or end to endl trans- The accompanying drawings represent so versely to the Warp, and on each side thereof, much of a loom adapted for weaving split so as to leave a passage for the weft-carrier, caneembracing all the improvements herehereinafter described. Varpcarriers, pref- 40 in claimed-as is necessary to illustrate the erably consisting of oblong blocks 7, cach cen- 9o subject-matter thereof. The cloth-beam end trally and longitudinally perforated with an -of the loom I call the front, the weft-carrier opening corresponding in outline with that end the rean That side of the loom on the of the cross-section of the guides 5 6 and of right of one facing the loom at the weft-can a length greater than the space between the 45 rier end I term the right side, the opposite inner ends of the guides, move freely end- 95 one the left wise thereon, one on eac-h pair, each inde- Figure I represents an elevation of the right pendently of the others, and all normally reside of the loom with portions of the standmain on the same side of the warp. A lever ards 2 and 1S removed, the weft` guide plate 8 is pivoted near one end to one side of each 5o 56 being shown in section the better to exwarp-carrier at an intermediate point, so as roo to allow it to swing around its pivot in a plane parallel with the sideV of the carrier. The free end of each lever carries a warp-reel 9, capable of, turning freely on its central pivot, each reel carrying asingle warp-thread, which is led from the reel through a horizontal slot in its respective warp-carrier, and thence through the loom to the warp-beam, as usual. Suitable tension on each warp-thread is maintained by a flat spring 13, secured by an adjusting-screw I4 to the carrier and pressing on the end of a tension-pin l5, movable endwise in a recess in the carrier athwart the warp-slot 1l. (See Fig. IV.)

The drawings show the warps as fed from the lower side of the reels and the tension device on the bottom ofthe carrier, the transverse bar 4L being recessed to receive the springs with the warp-carriers in their normal position.

When split cane composes the warp, the threads are made continuous by gluing together or otherwise joining the ends of the short pieces of which this material commonly consists, the glazed side of the cane preferably coming uppermost. The slots are made oblong in cross-section, with their longer sides parallel with the warp and so close together as to prevent the fiat strips of cane from turning.

In nearly all woven fabrics the warp-threads lie so close together that it would be difiicult to make the separate warp-carriers narrow enough to arrange them as compactly as the lwarp-threads. This difficulty I obviatc by placing them farther apart, which of course causes them to occupy a much wider space laterally than the width of the fabric; but this dispersion I compensate for by converging the warp-threads to their proper position near the point of insertion of the weft, which I term the weaving-line,7 which is close to the feed-rolls and shown by the dotted line C, Fig. III. This convergence is effected by a comb, hereinafter described. In order to accommodate this divergence of the warpthreads, the sides of the warp-carriers 7 are correspondingly inclined on each side of the vertical central line of the warp, and their guideslots ll are also correspondingly inclined. As the reel-arms 8 move parallel with these inclined faces of the carriers, they diverge correspondingly, thus 'leaving ample room between the reelsQ. (See Fig. III.)

The warp-reels are traversed athwart the median line of the warp to open the shed as follows: A rock-shaft 17 extends across the loom over and parallel with the weaving-line C, above, in advancev of, and parallel with the line of warp-carriers 7, being journaled in the main standards 13 and projecting at each end beyond the frame. Radius-bars 19, rigidly connected with these projecting ends, extend to a point in line with the warp-carriers and are united by a cross-shaft 20. of the radius-bars 19 extends beyond its pivot in the opposite direction and is pivoted to a One.

link-rod 2l, the other end of which traverses a suitable guide 22 on the main frame and carries a friction roller 23, engaging the grooved cam 24 on the driving-shaft l, thus imparting a periodical oscillating motion to the shaft 2O transverse to the line of the warp. A'series of trip-levers 25, one for each warp-carrier, rock centrally and independently on the shaft 2O parallel with t-he warp-threads and each in line with its respective carrier, with which it can engage when in proper relation by a pin 26 on the free end of the lever entering a recess in the carrier. (See Fig. I.) The opposite ends of these tri p-levers are iiexibly connected by parallel rods 27 with one arm of one of a corresponding set of bellcrank levers centrally and loosely pivoted on the rock-shaft 17. As the bell-cranks are equal in length to the corresponding portions of the trip-levers, the rods 27 and radius-bars 19 are parallel and the trip-levers and bell-cranks are always parallel, as is well understood. Each corresponding bell-crank and trip-lever may also be actuated independently of the others. The other arm of each bell-crank is intermediately pivoted to a corresponding feeler-rod 29, movable endwise in transverse parallel guide-bars 30 3l on the main standards 18, and constantly pressed upward by encircling spiral springs 32, resting on the guide-bar 30 and pressing against stops 33 on the feelerrods. (See Figs. I'and VIII.) The ends of the feeler-rods are pointed and normally bear against an endless pattern belt or chain 34, preferably of sheet metal, perforated at predetermined points with holes 35 for the entran ce of the feeler-rod points. This patternbelt is shown as carried by rollers 36 37 and driven by friction-feed devices, hereinafter described, in such manner that when engaged by the feelers its further progress is arrested. As the pattern-belt moves, the feeler-rods are forced lby their springs vinto their appropriate holes therein until stopped by their stops 33, thus carrying the bell-cranks with them and forcing their connected trip-leversinto position lto engage with the warp-carriers. Fig. I shows the respective engaged and disengaged relation of the parts. The organization is such that the trip-levers assume the engaging attitude when they are in their most advanced position, and. consequently seize their respective Warp-carriers and carry them to the opposite side of the median line of the warp, the unengaged carriers meanwhile retaining their normal position. As the warplreels accompany the movements of their respective carriers, the shed is of course changed.v The bell-cranks and parallel rods retain the trip-levers and carriers positively in engagement as long as their feeler-rods engage the pattern-belt, and the numberof warpthreads moved will correspond with the number of feeler-rods so engaged.

The pattern-chain, feeler-rods, bell-cranks, and parallel rods constitute what I term the selecting mechanism, while cam 24C, link- IIO rod 21, and radius-bars 19 constitute what I term the elevating or traversing7 mechanism. The trip-levers 25 constitute parts of both the selecting and traversing mechanisms.

The weft is now inserted in the shed in a way hereinafter described, after which the retracted carriers are restored to their normal position by the reverse action of their triplevers in the following manner: Cams 38 on opposite ends of the driving shaft retract properly-guided link-rods 39, connected with a transverse return-bar 43, through holes in vto'their appropriate holes therein. During this operation the trip levers remain depressed ready to engage their appropriate carriers the moment their feeler-rods enter the holes in the pattern-belt. This saves time which would otherwise be consumed in traversing the trip-levers.

The convergence of the warp-threads,herein before mentioned, is effected as follows: A transverse comb 45 is secured on the main frame O under the warp-threads and slight-ly in the rear of the feed-rolls or weaving-line. This comb consists ofa straight bar carrying a series of short upright teeth, preferably of small wire, as far apart as the warp-threads are desired to be in the woven fabric, the threads passing singly between the teeth, which terminate a short distance above the Warp-threads and hold them in correct position laterally. A similar comb 47, with its teeth reversed, is secured on the opposite side of the warp to endwise-moving link-rods 4S, pivoted at one end to the radius-bars 19, their opposite ends traversing suitable guides 49 on the frame. The comb necessarily moves coincidently with the radius-bars, its teeth being at times brought veryclose to those of the iiXed comb, with its teeth extending between and beyond the warp-threads. As the engaged warpreels and the reciprocating comb move coincidently, this comb receives the warp-threads withdrawn from the fixed comb and retains them in correct position until redelivered thereto, so that the warpthreads are alternately `transferred from one to the other, but are always retained in their proper places in the assembled warp. The warp-threads l0, Fig. Ill, which lie near the edges of the warp, are necessarily turned edge uppermost in passing the teeth of combs 45 and 47 5 but their position is rectilied at the weaving-line by weaving in the weft, which causes them all to lie flat and right side up after the weaving has once been properly begun. The combs 45 and 47 also serve by holding the warp-threads in proper lateral position to prevent the fabric from being drawn together bythe weft, thus dispensing with the use of a temple for this purpose. The weaving-arm or weft-carrier consists of a rigid longitudinally-perforated or tubular bar 50, preferably of wood or other light material to facilitate rapid motion, with its rear or heel end mounted in a suitable traversing support and extending forward between the reelcarrier guides and combs to the weavingline, being properly bent for this purpose. It is so organized as to traverse the shed from selvage to selvage in one direction only at each opening thereof. The free end or point of this wet'tcarrier terminates in a throat or nose consisting of a metal tube 6l, one end of which is secured on the weft-carrier, the other beingbroadened and flattened, as shown in Fig. VI, to adapt it to deliver' a iiattened weft-thread without turning. This cont-inuous weft-thread ('32 passes from a suitable reel longitudinally through the weaving-arm, issuing from its throat, and is delivered in its proper position in the fabric as the arm traverses the shed. The opposite end of the Weaving-armV is rigidly mounted on the central arm or body of a T-shaped heel 52, 'the branches of which carry friction-rollers 53 54, traversing a transverse groove55 in a plate 56 on the main frame. The central parts of this groove are straight and substantially parallel with the weaving -line, While its ends are slight-ly curved inan arc of which the middle of the weaving-line forms the center, for a purpose hereinafter described. A straight transverse slot or race 57 nearer to and parallel with the end of the frame is traversed by a slide-block 58, fitting therein and connected with the heel by a pivoted link-rod 59 at its center 60, Fig. Il. A spurpinion 65 on the driving-shaft l actuates a corresponding spur-gear 66 on a shaft G4, journaled in the main frame and'carrying a cam 63, actuating a friction-roller G9 on a lever 67, oscillating on an intermediate pivot on the bar (5S. The other end of this lever is slotted to embrace adriving-pin 70 on the slide-block 5S, the lateral movement of which correspondingly traverses the heel 52 in its groove and correspondingly moves the weaving-arm. Parallel transverse guide-plates 72 are secured on the frame, between which the end of the weaving-arm traverses to prevent its vertical displacement. Vhile the heel friction-rollers are traversing the straight central part of the groove (see Fig. lll) the TOO heel and point of the weaving-arm move siing-arm to pass beyond the widely-separated warp-carriers, and at the same time to deliver from its throat only the necessary length of weft-thread. The weaving-arm traverses the shed in one direction only at each opening of the warp, returning in the opposite direction at the nextopening. To meet this requirement spur-gear 66 is made twice the diameter of pinion 65. Consequently driving-shaft 1 turns twice as fast as the cam 63. As heretoforel remarked, the weaving-arm passes at each stroke between the guides 5 and 6 and the combs 45 and 47, as well as between the normally-situated warp-carriers and those moved to open the shed. The reels and their supporting-levers are so organized that when in their normal position the upper parts of the reels lie below the corresponding parts of the guides, so that the weaving-arm may traverse without interference. As the warp-carriers reach the opposite end of their traverse the free ends of the reel-levers 8 abut against the bar 7 3, thus causing the reel to swing around the pivots away from the weaving-arm to allow it to pass freely.

The feed of the Warp is accomplished as follows, (see Fig. 111:) The fabric passes between transverse rollers 81, one of which is fixed on a shaft 84, journaled in the main standards 18, the left end of which shaft projects beyond the standard. The other feedroll 81 is secured on a shaft 85, journaled in side blocks 86, moving in slots 87 in the main standards 18, and being forced toward the fixed roll by spiral springs in a well-known way to compress the fabric. Spur -gears 88 89 on their respective.roller-shafts 84 85 intermesh and drive the feed-rolls synchronously. Their surfaces may, if desired, be fluted longitudinally to obtain a better bite and consequently more certain feed of the fabric as they revolve. A pinion 90 on the driving-shaft 1 drives a spur-wheel 91, turning loosely on the driving feed-roll shaft 84 and having plane sides. A friction-disk 92 is mounted on this shaft 84, being capable of moving freely endwise thereon, but is prevented from turning independently thereof by a spline on the shaft and a groove or keyway in the disk. A centrally perforated spring 94, preferably elliptic or dish-shaped, on this shaft is pressed against the frictiondisk 92 bya nut 95, screwed on the shaft and correspondinglythreaded. A collar 96, fast on the shaft 84 on the opposite side of the gearwheel 91, holds the gear-wheel and spring in contact, the pressure being regulated by the nut in a well-known way. The friction is sufficient to drive the feed rollers, except when prevented as hereinafter explained.

The woven fabric is wound on a cloth-beam 12, j ournaled in the main frame and actuated by a flexible endless band 115, encircling pulleys 113 114 on the main driving-shaft and cloth-beam shaft 112, respectively, the band being loose enough to slip and let the clothbeam rest when the feed-rollers stop.

The pattern belt roller 36, hereinbefore mentioned, is mounted on a transverse shaft 100, journaled in the main standard 18, and is furnished with a circular row of short radially-projecting pins 101, constituting in effect a sprocketwheel engaging a corresponding row of holes in the pattern-belt to drive the latter positively. The other pattern-belt roller 37 is a plain cylinder mounted on a shaft 103, journaled in standards 104, rocking on pivots on the main frame and adjustable by slots and set-screws 105 to accommodate belts of different lengths.

The pattern-belt roller 36, above mentioned, is driven positively from and synchronously with the feed-rollers by an endless chain 108, encircling sprocket-wheels 106 107 on feedroll shaft 84 and pattern-belt-roller shaft 100.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the revolving feed-rollers draw the fabric between them toward the cloth-beam on which it is Wound until the feeler-rods engage and stop the pattern-belt, feed-rollers, the cloth, and cloth-beam, because the friction devices allow the driving mechanism of these parts to slip without interference wit-h the working of the other parts of the loom. The length of the feed movement therefore depends on the longitudinal distance between the holes in the pattern-belt, and may consequently begreatly varied. Forinstance,by this means the weft-thread may be arranged in the fabric in pairs, as in open-cane Work, leaving any space desired between said pairs; or it may be arranged in sets of three, four, dac.

1t is well known that many different styles of weaving may be performed by the combination of a series of feeler-rods governing the opening of corresponding warp-threads with a perforated pattern -vbelt. styles-such as twilled or figured work-may be combined in great variety in a fabric some portions of which are closely Woven and other portions open woven by the use of my improved opening and feeding devices above described.

Many of the features herein shown are described and claimed in another application filed by me April 9, 1889, Serial No. 306,617; but nothing* claimed in that application is claimed herein.

I particularly disclaim herein the combination of a weft-guide, mechanism traversing it laterally relatively to the warp, warp-reels, and mechanism traversing them athwart the path of the weft-guide without .interference therewith, and the combination, with the above elements, of warp-reel vguides transversely divided in the path of the weft-guide, as these combinations constitute the subjectmatter of the twentieth, twenty-first, and twenty-second claims of the above-mentioned application.

The operation of my improved loom will readily be understood from the foregoing description.

Having thus fully described the construc- Many of these- IOC lIO

tion, organization, and operation of my improved loom, what I claim therein as new and as of my own invention is 1. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the warp-carrier having a transverse slot near its bottom for the passage of the warp-thread, the tension-pin movable endwise athwart said slot, its spring, and a screw to regulate the tension on the warpthread.

2. Thecombination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a warp-carrier, its tension-regulating device, a warp-reel, and a lever carrying the warp-reel and pivoted at an intermediate point on the carrier.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a warp-carrier, its guides, a lever, its intermediate pivot on the carrier, and a warp-reel carried bythe lever, whereby the reel is adapted both to traverse with and around the carrier.

'4. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a warp-carrier, its guides, a lever, its intermediate pivot on the carrier, a warp-reel carried by the lever, and a stop against which the lever abuts to traverse the reel a greater distance than its carrier.

5. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a warp-carrier, guides separated by a space narrower than the length of the carrier, alever, its intermediate pivot on the carrier, and a warp-reel carried by the lever, whereby the carrier and reel are controlled by one set of guides before being released from the other.

6. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a series of separate and independent warp-carriers, a warp-reel loosely mounted 'in each carrier, a trip-lever adapted to engage with each carrier, link-connections on which said levers rock, and a cam actuating the trip-levers through the link-connections to traverse the warp-reels athwart the line of the warp.

7. The combination, substantially as'hereinbefore set forth, of a series of separate and independent Warp-carriers, a warp-reel loosely mounted in each carrier, a corresponding serles of trip-levers, link-connections and a cam actuating said levers athwart the line of the warp, a pattern-chain, feeler-rods, bell-cranks controlled bythe feeler-rods, and parallelbars connecting the bell-cranks and trip-levers to determine which of the carriers shallbe actuated to form the shed.

8. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a series of separate and independent warp-carriers, a corresponding series of trip-levers, a shaft on which they are intermediately pivoted, radius-bars carrying said shaft, a second shaft on or with which the radius-bars' rock, a rotating cam, a connecting-rod actuated thereby pivoted to one of the radius-bars, bell-cranks pivoted concentrically with the radius-bars, parallel bars connecting each bell-crank with its respective trip-lever, a perforated pattern-chain, and a spring-pressed feeler-rod, one for each lever, engaging the pattern-chain at intervals determined by the perforations therein to determine the engagement of the respective triplevers and carriers.

9. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the perforated patternbelt, the spring-actuated feeler-rods, their collars, thereturn-bar, its connecting-rods, and cams simultaneously to release all engaged feeler-rods from the pattern-chain.

10. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the triplevers,the shaft on which they are pivoted, bell-cranks, parallel bars connecting them with the trip-levers, the perforated pattern-chain, spring-actuated feeler-rods engaging therewith, the stops or collars thereon, the return-bar and its connecting-rods, and cams whereby the trip-levers are engaged with and disengaged from the warp-carriers.

11. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a Weaving-arm or weftcarrier, mechanism traversing it laterally relatively to the warp, guides on opposite sides of the path of the weft-carrier, warp-carriersl movable on said guides athwart said path, means for actuating the warp-carriers, arms intermediately pivoted on the carriers, warpreels carried by the arms, and stops causing the reels to swing around their pivots to clear the Weaving-arm more effectually.

12. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a series of separate and independent warp-reels, the warp-reel carriers, trip-levers engaging therewith, radiusbars carrying said levers, a link-rod and cam fortraversin g the warp-reels athwart the Weaving-line, afixed comb on one side of the warp to separate the threads, a movable comb on its opposite side, and link-connections with the trip-lever-actuating mechanism to actuate said comb coincidently with the warp-carriers.

1 3. rlhecombination, substantially'as hereinbefore set forth, of the trip-levers, their radi us-bars, the shaft with which they rock, their connecting-rod and cam, a link rod or bar pivoted to the radius-bar, guides for said rod, and a comb carried by the rod actuated in opening each shed.

14. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a series of separate and independent warp-reels, mechanism traversing them athwart the weaving-line, a iiXed comb on one side of the warp, a movable comb on its opposite side, mechanism reciprocating said comb coincidently with the warp-reels, a weft-carrier, and mechanism traversing it athwart the warp between the combs.

15. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the weft-carrier, its intermediate heel, f riction-rollers carried by the heel, a guide-plate having a transverse groove with curved ends, in which the rollers travel, a slide-block traversing `in a transverseslot in the plate behind and parallel with the front ICO groove, a link pivoted at one end to the slidf ing block and at the other to the heel, a cam, and a slotted rocking lever actuated thereby to traverse the weft-carrier athwart the Warp and in its shed.

1G. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the weft-carrier, its heel, friction-rollers carried thereby, the plate having a transverse groove therein With curved ends, in which the rollers travel, a slide-block traversing in a transverse slot in the plate, a link connecting the slide-block and heel, and transverse guides in which the heel end of the weft-carrier travels to prevent vertical displacement.

17. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of feed-rolls, interineshing gears thereon, a spur-Wheel loosely mounted on the shaft of one of the feed-rolls, means for driving the spur-Wheel, friction-disks on opposite sides of said Wheel, a perforated pattern-chain, its carrying-rolls, a sprocket-Wheel and chain connection between the patternchain-roller shaft and the feed-roll carrying the friction-disk, and spring-actuated feelerrods engaging the vpattern-chain to stop both it and the feed of the fabric.

18. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the perforated patternchain, its intersectingfeeler-rods, its carryingrolls, a sprocket-and-chain connection between the pattern-chain-roller shaft and the feedroller shaft, the feed-rollers, their friction driving-gearing, the cloth-beam, and its yielding driving-belt driven from the salne source as the feed-rolls, whereby the feed-rolls and cloth-beam are simultaneously driven and stopped.

19. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the pattern-chain, its driving-connections with the feed-rollers, the spring-actuated feeler-rods intersecting the pattern-chain to stop the feed, their releasing mechanism, the feed-rolls', the cloth-beam, and their frictional driving-connections, whereby the Weaving may proceed While the feed stops.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my naine.

HENRY B. MORRIS.

Witnesses:

JOHN O. ADsIT, DAVID KELTIE. 

